Reapply "Bump to cocoa sdk v8.46.0 (#4103)"

[jpnurmi]

Original PR:

• Bump to cocoa sdk v8.46.0 #4103

Was reverted in:

• Revert "Bump to cocoa sdk v8.46.0 (#4103)" #4202

Now being reapplied after the fix:

• fix: Sentry Cocoa framework version #4411

TODO:

• Publish as 5.14.0-alpha.1
  • publish: getsentry/[email protected] publish#6079
• Test various upgrade & downgrade paths (Sentry-Dynamic.xcframework vs. Sentry-8.39.0.xcframework vs. Sentry-8.43.0.xcframework)
  • https://github.com/jpnurmi/SentryMauiApp/actions/runs/16780386537/job/47521803035
• Ask customers to help with testing 5.14.0-alpha.1
  • MAUI iOS app launch crashes #4205
  • iOS App Crashes on iPad w/ XCode 16.3/16.4RC and Sentry Maui SDK 5.7.0 #4207
  • Possible Sentry backward compatibility issue between 5.6.0 and 5.11.2 #4397

[linear]

COCOA-8 Fix flaky `test_applicationWithScenes`

[jamescrosswell]

Replaced by #4442