Move algorithms/randomness to crates

This takes a slightly different approach to the way that the web crate
works by moving all rust code to proper rust files and checking if the
code compiles in CI.

Author: joshka

.github/workflows/mdbook-test.yml

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ jobs:
       - name: Set up Rust
         uses: actions-rust-lang/setup-rust-toolchain@v1
         with:
-          cache: 'true'
+          cache: "true"
           toolchain: stable
 
       - name: Run tests
@@ -33,3 +33,20 @@ jobs:
             echo "❌ Some tests failed. Check the logs above for details."
             exit 1
           fi
+  check-workspace:
+    # this job incrementally replaces the skeptic tests above as we convert examples to be written
+    # as workspace crates rather than inline in the mdbook
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
+      - uses: actions-rust-lang/setup-rust-toolchain@v1
+      - run: cargo check --workspace
+      - name: Check Results
+        if: always()
+        run: |
+          if [ ${{ steps.cargo_check.outcome }} == 'success' ]; then
+            echo "✅ Workspace check passed!"
+          else
+            echo "❌ Workspace check failed. Check the logs above for details."
+            exit 1
+          fi

Cargo.toml

@@ -1,18 +1,35 @@
+[workspace]
+members = ["crates/algorithms/*", "crates/web", "xtask"]
+
+[workspace.package]
+edition = "2024"
+version = "1.1.0"
+authors = ["Brian Anderson <[email protected]>", "Andrew Gauger <[email protected]>"]
+license = "MIT OR Apache-2.0"
+publish = false
+
 [package]
 name = "rust-cookbook"
 version = "1.1.0"
 authors = ["Brian Anderson <[email protected]>", "Andrew Gauger <[email protected]>"]
 edition = "2018"
-license = "MIT/Apache-2.0"
+license = "MIT OR Apache-2.0"
 publish = false
 build = "build.rs"
 
 [features]
 default = []
-test-rand = []
 
+[workspace.dependencies]
+rand = "0.9"
+rand_distr = "0.5"
+
+# NOTE: These dependencies add dependencies to the rust playground (play.rust-lang.org).
+# Be wary removing or changing these without considering this fact.
+# See https://github.com/rust-lang/rust-playground/blob/f8d7de52a3c139a0df4fe116bbbff19c30668c99/top-crates/src/lib.rs#L134-L161
 [dependencies]
 ansi_term = "0.11.0"
+anyhow = "1.0"
 approx = "0.3"
 base64 = "0.22.1"
 bitflags = "1.3.2"
@@ -28,7 +45,6 @@ env_logger = "0.11.3"
 flate2 = "1.0"
 glob = "0.3"
 image = "0.24"
-
 lazy_static = "1.0"
 log = "0.4"
 log4rs = "0.8"
@@ -50,7 +66,6 @@ ring = "0.17"
 rusqlite = { version = "0.32", features = ["chrono"] }
 same-file = "1.0"
 select = "0.6.0"
-
 semver = "1.0"
 serde = { version = "1.0", features = ["derive"] }
 serde_derive = "1.0"
@@ -59,10 +74,9 @@ sha2 = "0.10"
 tar = "0.4"
 tempfile = "3.14"
 thiserror = "2"
-anyhow = "1.0"
 threadpool = "1.8"
-toml = "0.8"
 tokio = { version = "1", features = ["full"] }
+toml = "0.8"
 unicode-segmentation = "1.2.1"
 url = "2.5"
 walkdir = "2.5"

build.rs

@@ -5,27 +5,17 @@ const REMOVED_TESTS: &[&str] = &[
     "./src/web/clients/api/rate-limited.md",
 ];
 
-fn main() {
-    #[cfg(feature = "test-rand")]
-    {
-        let rand_paths = vec![
-            "./src/algorithms/randomness/rand.md",
-            "./src/algorithms/randomness/rand-range.md",
-            "./src/algorithms/randomness/rand-dist.md",
-            "./src/algorithms/randomness/rand-custom.md",
-            "./src/algorithms/randomness/rand-passwd.md",
-            "./src/algorithms/randomness/rand-choose.md",
-        ];
-        skeptic::generate_doc_tests(&rand_paths[..]);
-        return;
-    }
+const REMOVED_PREFIXES: &[&str] = &["./src/algorithms/randomness/"];
 
-    let paths = WalkDir::new("./src/").into_iter()
+fn main() {
+    let paths = WalkDir::new("./src/")
+        .into_iter()
         // convert paths to Strings
         .map(|p| p.unwrap().path().to_str().unwrap().to_string())
         // only compile markdown files
         .filter(|p| p.ends_with(".md"))
         .filter(|p| !REMOVED_TESTS.contains(&p.as_ref()))
+        .filter(|p| !REMOVED_PREFIXES.iter().any(|prefix| p.starts_with(prefix)))
         .collect::<Vec<_>>();
 
     skeptic::generate_doc_tests(&paths[..]);

crates/algorithms/randomness/Cargo.toml

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+[package]
+name = "randomness"
+version.workspace = true
+authors.workspace = true
+edition.workspace = true
+license.workspace = true
+publish.workspace = true
+
+[dependencies]
+rand.workspace = true
+rand_distr.workspace = true

crates/algorithms/randomness/src/bin/choose.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+use rand::Rng;
+
+const CHARSET: &[u8] = b"ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ\
+                        abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz\
+                        0123456789)(*&^%$#@!~";
+const PASSWORD_LEN: usize = 30;
+
+fn main() {
+    let mut rng = rand::rng();
+
+    let password: String = (0..PASSWORD_LEN)
+        .map(|_| {
+            let idx = rng.random_range(0..CHARSET.len());
+            char::from(CHARSET[idx])
+        })
+        .collect();
+
+    println!("{password}");
+}

crates/algorithms/randomness/src/bin/custom.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+#![allow(dead_code)]
+use rand::Rng;
+
+#[derive(Debug)]
+struct Point {
+    x: i32,
+    y: i32,
+}
+
+impl Point {
+    fn random<R: Rng>(rng: &mut R) -> Self {
+        Point {
+            x: rng.random(),
+            y: rng.random(),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+fn main() {
+    let mut rng = rand::rng();
+    let rand_tuple = rng.random::<(i32, bool, f64)>();
+    let rand_point = Point::random(&mut rng);
+    println!("Random tuple: {:?}", rand_tuple);
+    println!("Random Point: {:?}", rand_point);
+}

crates/algorithms/randomness/src/bin/dist.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+use rand_distr::{Distribution, LogNormal, Normal};
+
+fn main() {
+    let mut rng = rand::rng();
+    let normal = Normal::new(2.0, 3.0).expect("Failed to create normal distribution");
+    let log_normal = LogNormal::new(1.0, 0.5).expect("Failed to create log-normal distribution");
+
+    let v = normal.sample(&mut rng);
+    println!("{} is from a N(2, 9) distribution", v);
+    let v = log_normal.sample(&mut rng);
+    println!("{} is from an ln N(1, 0.25) distribution", v);
+}

crates/algorithms/randomness/src/bin/passwd.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+use rand::Rng;
+use rand_distr::Alphanumeric;
+
+fn main() {
+    const PASSWORD_LEN: usize = 30;
+    let mut rng = rand::rng();
+
+    let password: String = (0..PASSWORD_LEN)
+        .map(|_| rng.sample(Alphanumeric) as char)
+        .collect();
+
+    println!("{password}");
+}

crates/algorithms/randomness/src/bin/rand.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+use rand::Rng;
+
+fn main() {
+    let mut rng = rand::rng();
+    let random_number: u32 = rng.random();
+    println!("Random number: {random_number}");
+}

crates/algorithms/randomness/src/bin/random_range.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+use rand::Rng;
+
+fn main() {
+    let mut rng = rand::rng();
+    println!("Integer: {}", rng.random_range(0..10));
+    println!("Float: {}", rng.random_range(0.0..10.0));
+}